Today’s Xiaoman: The rain has passed, the little lotus has turned, and the early summer solstice – IT Home

IT House news on May 21, today is Xiaoman, one of the twenty-four solar terms, and the second solar term in summer.

The small full solar term means that it has entered the rainy season with heavy precipitation, and the rain begins to increase, and there will often be continuous and large-scale heavy precipitation. Like Rain, Grain Rain, Light Snow, Heavy Snow, etc., Xiaoman is a solar term that directly reflects precipitation. Xiaoman reflects the climatic characteristics of high rainfall,As the so-called “little river is full”.Another explanation is that the grains of summer-ripening crops in the north are beginning to be filled and full, but they are not yet mature, only small and not full.

▲ Picture fromCloud Calendar

The origin and legend of Xiaoman

“The Seventy-two Hours of the Moon Order”: “In the middle of April, the people who are small are full of things, and the things are so small that they are full.” And the agricultural proverb in the southern region gives Xiaoman a new meaning: “If the small full is dissatisfied, the fields will be cut off”; “Xiaoman is dissatisfied, and the mango doesn’t care.” The term “full” is used to describe the abundance and shortage of rainwater, and it is pointed out that if there is insufficient water storage in the fields during the Xiaoman period, the ridges of the fields may become dry and cracked, and rice cannot be planted even when the awns are planted.

In addition, there is a legend about Xiaoman. Legend has it that Xiaoman was originally a personal name. One day, when he came home from school and passed a large ditch, he encountered a dead man. The dead girl was naked, Xiaoman felt ugly, so he covered the body with his blue cloth shirt. Then one day, a beggar came to Xiaoman’s house. She called her name Sanxin. Because her parents died, she was taken in by her uncle, but she was always beaten up by her aunt. Later, she was kicked out of the house and had to beg along the road. Seeing that Xiaoman’s mother was pitiful, she recognized the baby as her goddaughter. Later, seeing that Xiaoman and Sanxin were in love for a long time, they let the brothers and sisters with different surnames get married.

Unexpectedly, on the day of their marriage, Sanxin was taken away by an official, and Xiaoman’s mother died in anger. Xiaoman buried his mother, and later managed to find Sanxin, only to find out that Sanxin was the third daughter of the god of grain in the sky, and wanted to send some grain seeds to the world. Unexpectedly, being reported by a god, the Jade Emperor angrily ordered the god to strip her clothes off and beat her down to earth. I want the air-conditioning in the world to freeze her to death. After being rescued by Xiaoman.

After seeing Xiaoman, Sanxin took a bright white round egg from his bag and said, “This is the silkworm cocoon of the Tiangong. After a while, silkworm moths will crawl out of it. Silkworm moths lay eggs, and eggs change. , spit out the real silk, and once you have real silk, you don’t have to worry about not having silk to wear.” Then he took a round bone and said: “This is called garlic. It was planted in August of that year, and when the New Year’s wheat is ripe, it can be used as a vegetable and can also cure diseases. What?” Finally, she grabbed a handful of seeds and said, “This is barley. It is planted this fall and harvested in the next summer. It ripens earlier than wheat, so it can be used by the poor to help the poor.” After speaking, she begged Xiaoman to return the same way, lest Both were killed.

The next day, I heard cries from the official’s house, it turned out that the Sanxin girl took the opportunity to kill the dog official. According to Sanxin’s instructions, Xiaoman passed the three seeds to the villagers. In the second year, when the three kinds of plants were harvested, it happened to be this season, and this season was called “Xiaoman Festival”. There are three crops harvested on Xiaoman Festival, which is called “Meeting Sanxin”, which means Xiaoman and Sanxin meet.

Xiaoman climate

Xiaoman is the eighth solar term in the twenty-four solar terms. From the perspective of climate characteristics, from the Xiaoman solar term to the next Mangosteen solar term, all parts of the country gradually enter summer, and the temperature difference between the north and the south is further reduced. The precipitation further increases, and severe weather such as heavy rain, thunderstorms, strong winds, and hail is easy to occur.

At this time, agricultural activities are also about to enter the busy season, the summer crops are mature, or close to maturity; the spring crops are growing vigorously; the autumn crops are about to be sown. The spring planting work in the northern region has basically ended. All localities should do a good job in the field management of spring-sown crops. In the areas with recent rainfall, they should seize the favorable opportunity after the rain to check and replant the seedlings in time, so as to strive for full and strong seedlings; at the same time, pay attention to defense. Harm of strong winds and strong cooling weather to seedlings of spring-sown crops.

The northern winter wheat has entered the critical stage of yield formation. It is necessary to strengthen the management of fertilizer and water in the later stage to prevent premature senescence of roots and leaves, promote the full filling of winter wheat, and increase the grain weight; the areas with deviation of moisture content should be irrigated in time to prevent high temperature, drought and “dry hot wind” caused by weather. For the areas where there may be heavy rain and strong wind, do not water before the weather process to reduce the lodging of wheat.

The southern summer grain and oil crop production areas should seize the fine weather and harvest mature wheat and rapeseed in time to avoid losses caused by unfavorable weather. In Jiangnan and South China, attention should be paid to shallow water irrigation and timely fertilization after transplanting early rice, so as to promote early rice growth and rapid development and multiple tillers; the fields with enough seedlings should be drained and dried in time to control ineffective tillers, and pay attention to the monitoring of rice field diseases and insect pests. and prevention work.

Xiaoman Health

After a small full, the temperature rises significantly and the rainfall increases, but it will still be cooler in the morning and evening, and the daily temperature difference is still large, especially after the rain, the temperature will drop more obviously, so pay attention to adding clothes in time, especially when sleeping at night, pay attention to keep warm, Avoid catching a cold and catch a cold. At the same time, it should also comply with the law of yang and yin in summer, get up early and go to bed late, but ensure sleep time to maintain energy.

In terms of diet, after entering Xiaoman, the temperature continues to rise, and people often like to cool down with cold drinks, but excessive cold drinks can cause abdominal pain, diarrhea and other symptoms. Eating a raw and cold diet at this time can easily lead to gastrointestinal discomfort and abdominal pain, diarrhea and other symptoms. Because the digestive system of children is not yet fully developed, the function of the organs of the elderly gradually declines, so children and the elderly are more prone to this situation. Therefore, in terms of diet, we should pay attention to avoid eating too much raw and cold food.

Xiaoman custom

moving three cars

The proverb goes: “Xiaoman drives three chariots.” The three chariots here refer to the waterwheel, the oil chariot and the silk chariot. The ancients believed that all things have spirits, and waterwheels also have spirits. The folk custom at this time is mainly to worship the god of the car. Legend has it that the god of the car is a white dragon. During the Xiaoman season, farmers put fish, incense and candles on the base of the waterwheel in front of the water to worship him. The special feature is that there is a cup of water in the sacrifice, which is poured into the field during the sacrifice, which means that the water source will be prosperous, indicating that farmers attach great importance to water conservancy irrigation.

Xiaoman is also the season when the rapeseed is ripe. People harvest the rapeseed, send it to the oil mill, and start the oil truck to squeeze oil. It’s for petrol cars. As for the silk car, it means that before and after Xiaoman, silkworms are about to start to form cocoons, and silkworm farmers are busy shaking the car and reeling silk.

silkworm sacrifice

According to legend, Xiaoman is the birthday of the silkworm god, so there is a silkworm festival in Jiangsu and Zhejiang during the Xiaoman solar term. Silkworms are pampered “pets”. Due to the difficulty in raising them, silkworms were regarded as “natural things” in ancient times. In order to pray for the forgiveness of “celestial things” and make silkworms have a good harvest, people hold a silkworm festival during the silkworm breeding season.

eat bitter vegetables

The spring breeze blows, bitter vegetables grow, and the barren fields are the granary. Bitter vegetable is one of the earliest wild vegetables eaten by the Chinese. Bitter bitter vegetable, bitter with astringency, sweet with astringency, fresh and refreshing, cool and tender, rich in nutrition, contains a variety of vitamins and minerals needed by the human body, and has the functions of clearing heat, cooling blood and detoxification.

see wheat shoot yellow

In the Guanzhong area, every year when the wheat is about to ripen, the married daughters go to their parents’ house to visit and greet the preparations for the summer harvest. This custom is called “watching wheat shoots yellow”, and gradually formed a festival called “watching busy”, which is very poetic. An agricultural proverb goes: “The wheat shoots are yellow, and the woman looks after the mother.” Before the summer is busy, the daughter asks the mother’s family for the preparation of the wheat harvest; after the wheat harvest, the mother visits her daughter again, and cares about the daughter’s family’s harvest and labor in the wheat harvest, which reflects the production The heart is connected in labor, and the mother and daughter are in love.

The following is an ancient poem about Xiaoman:

“Five Unique Hundreds – Small Man”

(Song) Ouyang Xiu

The nightingale sings the green willow, and the bright moon wakes up in the sky.

My favorite is Rongtou Mai, and it smiles red in the wind.

“Morning Sign”

(Song) Gong Feng

Watching the movement of the group is also laborious, I am the only one who reminds me to travel and eat.

Before the rooster sings, the sky has dawned, and when the frogs croak, the rain comes.

Qinghe entered the order and there was no heat, and Xiaoman first had a thunderous political situation.

The wine is cheap and the tea is fresh and ripe, so you might as well take advantage of it and wander.

“Dispatch”

(Song) King’s Way

The steps follow the generations of children, and the pond has to lean on the railing.

Jiuyin Donghong is broken, Xiaoman North wind is cold.

Three stacks of water lotuses are placed, and several bamboo poles are placed against the wall.

What do you like when it is clear, the clouds are far away and the mountains are accumulated.

“From Taochuan to Chenzhou There are Forty-two Quatrains”

(Song) Zhao Fan

It’s raining in spring, and you should save yourself. This year is like last year.

Jade calendar inspection came to know Xiaomanzhuan, and worry about Yin for a long time hindering the sleep of silkworms.

Xiaoman’s related agricultural proverbs:

1. The wheat is gradually turning yellow, and the rice is fragrant in the summer solstice.

2, wheat yellow rice (middle rice), rice yellow wheat.

3, wheat to Xiaoman, rice (early rice) to the beginning of autumn.

4. Small full, small full, gradually full of wheat grains.

5, Xiaoman is not full, and there is danger.

6, Xiaoman Xiaoman, it takes half a month and 20 days.

7. Xiaoman is dissatisfied, and the awn plant opens the sickle.

8. Xiaoman rushes every day, and the mango species cannot be delayed.